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Provide space in the image file or segmented files for metadata.No size restriction for disk-to-image files.Provide compressed or uncompressed image files.Garfinkel of Basis Technology Corporation Can produce compressed or uncompressed files.Used by EnCase, FTK, X-Ways Forensics, and SMART.Expert Witness format is the unofficial standard.Typical segmented file size is 650 MB or 2 GB.
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File size limitation for each segmented volume.Inability to share an image between different tools.Investigator name, case name, comments, etc.Can integrate metadata into the image file.With data integrity checks in each segment.Can split an image into smaller segmented files.Option to compress or not compress image files.Secure Hash Algorithm ( SHA-1 or newer).Validation check must be stored in a separate file.Commercial tools use more retries than free tools.Low threshold of retry reads on weak media spots.Tools might not collect marginal (bad) sectors.Requires as much storage as original disk or data.Most computer forensics tools can read raw format.Can ignore minor data read errors on source drive.Bit-by-bit copy of the drive to a file.This is what the Linux dd command makes.Terms used for a file containing evidence data.But RAM data has no timestamp, which makes it much harder to use.Also, collecting RAM data is becoming more important.Cannot be repeated exactly-alters the data.Now the preferred type, because of hard disk encryption.Does not alter the data, so it's repeatable.Copying a hard drive from a powered-off system.Understanding Storage Formats for Digital Evidence Understanding Storage Formats for Digital Evidence -sn. Computer Forensicsby Akhyari Nasir Chapter 2 Acquisition